Selected References

Anatomy and related subjects

Abitbol, M. M. (1991) Ontogeny and evolution of pelvic diameters in anthropoid primates and in Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 85, 135-148.

Dean, M. C., Jones, M. E. & Pilley, J. R. (1992) The natural history of tooth wear, continuous eruption and periodontal disease in wild shot great apes. J. hum. Evol. 22, 23-39.

Ellis, R. A. & Montagna, W. (1962) The skin of the primates. VI. The skin of the gorilla. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 20, 79-94.

Fischer, R. B. et al. (1982) Evidence of laterality in the lowland gorilla. Perceptual and Motor Skills 54, 1093-1094.

Gould, K. G. & Martin, D. E. (1981) The female ape genital tract and its secretions. Pp. 105-125 in: Graham, D. (ed.) Reproductive biology of the great apes: comparative and biomedical perspectives. New York (Academic Press).

Gregory, W. K. (ed.) (1950) The anatomy of the gorilla. New York (Columbia University Press).

Hall-Craggs, E. C. B. (1962) The testis of Gorilla gorilla beringei. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 139, 511-514.

Hill, W. C. O. & Matthews, L. H. (1949) The male external genitalia of the gorilla, with remarks on the os penis of other Hominoidea. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 119, 363-378.

Ishida, H. et al. (1975) Patterns of bipedal walking in anthropoid primates. Proceedings of the Symposia of the 5th Congress of the International Primatological Society, Tokyo, 287-302.

L'Engle Williams, F. & Roban, R. (2007) Ontogeny and phylogeny of the pelvis in Gorilla, Pongo, Pan, Australopithecus and Homo. Folia primatologica 78, 99-117.

Leutenegger, E. (1970) Beziehungen zwischen der Neugeborenengröße und dem Sexualdimorphismus am Becken bei simischen Primaten. Folia Primatologica 12, 224-235.

Leutenegger, E. & Kelly, J. T. (1977) Relationship of sexual dimorphism in canine size and body size to social, behavioral and ecological correlates in anthropoid primates. Primates 18, 117-136.

Leigh, S. L., Relethford, J. H., Park, P. B. & Konigsberg, L. W. (2003) Morphological differentiation in Gorilla subspecies. Pp. 104-131 in: Taylor, A. B. & Goldsmith, M. L. (eds.) Gorilla biology. Cambridge (Cambridge University Press).

Nadler, R. D. (1975) Cyclity in tumescence of the perineal labia of female lowland gorillas. Anatomical Record 181, 791-797.

Noback, C. R. (1939) The changes in the vaginal smears and associated cyclic phenomena in the lowland gorilla. Anatomical Record 73, 209-225.

O'Higgins, P. et al. (1990) Patterns of cranial sexual dimorphism in certain groups of extant hominoids. Journal of Zoology 222, 399-420.

Rothschild, B. M. & Rühli, F. J. (2005) Comparison of arthritis characteristics in lowland Gorilla gorilla and mountain Gorilla beringei. American Journal of Primatology 66, 205-218.

Sakka, M. (1986) Sexual dimorphism in great apes: The skull of the gorilla. Symp. of the Society for the Study of Human Biology 24, 79-103.

Schultz, A. H. (1950) Morphological observations on gorillas. Pp. 227-254 in: Gregory, W. K. (ed.) The anatomy of the gorilla. New Yoork (Columbia Univ. Press).

Steiner, P. E. (1954) Anatomical observations on a Gorilla gorilla. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 12, 145-180.

Stumpf, R. M., Polk, J. D., Oates, J. F., Jungers, W. L., Heesy, C. P., Groves, C. P. & Fleagle, J. G. (2003) Patterns of diversity in gorilla cranial morphology. Pp. 35-61 in: Taylor, A. B. & Goldsmith, M. L. (eds.) Gorilla biology. Cambridge (Cambridge University Press).

Tuttle, R. H. & Watts, D. P. (1985) The positional behavior and adaptive complexes of Pan gorilla. Pp. 261-288 in: Kondo, S., Ishida, S., Okada, M., Kimura, T. & Yamazaki, M. (eds.) Primate locomotor behavior, morphophysiology, and bipedalism. Tokyo (Tokyo University Press).

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